What is Blood Pressure?

Blood pressure is the force of blood pushing against the walls of your arteries as your heart pumps blood. It's measured in millimeters of mercury (mmHg) and recorded as two numbers:

  • Systolic pressure (top number): The pressure when your heart beats
  • Diastolic pressure (bottom number): The pressure when your heart rests between beats

Understanding Blood Pressure Readings

Normal Blood Pressure

Less than 120/80 mmHg - This is the ideal range for most adults.

High Blood Pressure (Hypertension)

140/90 mmHg or higher - This requires medical attention and lifestyle changes.

Lifestyle Changes for Better Blood Pressure

Healthy Diet

Reduce sodium intake, increase potassium-rich foods, and follow the DASH diet.

Regular Exercise

At least 150 minutes of moderate-intensity exercise per week.

Weight Management

Maintain a healthy weight through balanced diet and regular physical activity.

Stress Reduction

Practice relaxation techniques like meditation, deep breathing, or yoga.

Medication Management

If lifestyle changes aren't enough, your doctor may prescribe medication. Common types include:

  • ACE inhibitors - Help relax blood vessels
  • Beta-blockers - Reduce heart rate and blood pressure
  • Diuretics - Help remove excess sodium and water
  • Calcium channel blockers - Prevent calcium from entering heart and blood vessel cells

Monitoring Your Blood Pressure

Regular monitoring is essential for managing blood pressure effectively:

  1. Use a validated home blood pressure monitor
  2. Take readings at the same time each day
  3. Record your readings in a log
  4. Share results with your healthcare provider

When to Seek Medical Help

Seek immediate medical attention if you experience:

  • Severe headache
  • Chest pain
  • Difficulty breathing
  • Vision changes
  • Blood pressure reading above 180/120 mmHg